1- Soften the unsalted butter at room temperature to ensure smooth blending. For vegan versions, use plant-based margarine softened similarly.

2- Sift together powdered sugar and cocoa powder to remove lumps and blend flavors evenly.

3- In a large bowl, beat the softened butter on medium speed until creamy and pale. Vegan substitutions work the same way.

4- Gradually add the sifted sugar and cocoa mix, continuing to beat on low speed initially to avoid a sugar cloud, then medium speed until combined.

5- Mix in vanilla extract and 2 tablespoons of cream or milk to reach desired consistency. Adjust liquid for vegan or dietary preferences.

6- Beat on high speed for 3-5 minutes until the frosting is fluffy and spreadable.

7- Adjust the consistency by adding more confectioners’ sugar or cocoa powder if too thin, or an extra tablespoon of cream if too thick. Taste and add more salt if needed. Finally, use immediately or cover and refrigerate to firm up.